Question:

Which one of the following is a correct statement?

Updated On: Aug 1, 2022

??t??in ??t-cotton??indicates that it is a genetically modified organism produced through biotechnology.
Classical plant breeding involves fusion of two somatic cells carrying desired genes
The anticoagulant hirudin is being produced from transgenic Brassica napus seeds
Golden rice is a transgenic variety of rice rich in vitamin E

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The Correct Option is C

Solution and Explanation

Transgenic Brassica napus seeds are being used to produce the anticoagulant hirudin. Bt in "Bt Cotton" stands for Bacillus thuringiensis. This is naturally occurring soil bacterium. Classical plant breeding involves crossing or hybridisation of purelines, followed by artificial selection to produce plants with desirable traits whereas somatic hybridisation involves fusion of protoplast of two cells. Golden rice is a transgenic variety of rice rich in ??carotene (provitamin A - inactive state of vitamin A).

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Concepts Used:

Applications of Biotechnology

Biotechnology is the technology that utilizes biological systems, living organisms, or parts of this to develop or create different products.

For example, brewing and baking bread fall within the concept of biotechnology (use of yeast (= living organism) to produce the desired product).

Agriculture

Alternative to conventional farming: A possible solution is the use of genetically modified crops which is an alternative path to conventional farming.

Medicine

In the area of healthcare, recombinant DNA technological processes have made an immense impact which enables the mass production of safe and more effective therapeutic drugs.

Gene Therapy

A collection of methods that allows the correction of a gene defect that has been diagnosed in a child/embryo is called Gene Therapy.

CRISPR technology

For editing genomes, CRISPR is a simple yet powerful tool which allows researchers to easily alter DNA sequences and modify gene function.