The correct answer is Option 3: (A), (C), and (D). Here is the detailed explanation for each statement:
Statement A: True. Communal means something related to a community. This is a basic definition of the term "communal" .
Statement B: False. Communalism is not just about religion; it is deeply intertwined with politics. Communalism often involves the use of religious or ethnic identities for political purposes, leading to social and political divisions .
Statement C: True. A devout believer may or may not be communal. Being devout in one's religious beliefs does not necessarily mean that a person will engage in communalism, which involves using religious identity to create or exacerbate divisions .
Statement D: True. Communalism results in constructing the identity of large and diverse groups as singular and homogeneous. This simplification can lead to the overlooking of individual differences and the promotion of a singular identity based on religion or ethnicity .
Therefore, the correct statements about communalism are (A), (C), and (D), making Option 3 the right choice.