Question

How has national development impacted tribal development?
(A) Tribal areas located in mineral-rich and forest-covered parts of the country paid a disproportionately high price for development.
(B) Large dams, factories, and mines were built in the Nehruvian era.
(C) Tribals were dispossessed of their land for setting up hydroelectric power plants.
(D) These developments benefitted the tribes at the expense of others.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. (A), (B), (C) and (D)
• B. (A), (C) and (D) only
• C. (A), (B) and (C) only
• D. (B), (C) and (D) only

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

The impact of national development on tribal development can be understood through multiple factors as presented in the given options. Here's an analysis and breakdown of the available choices: 

(A) Tribal areas located in mineral-rich and forest-covered parts of the country paid a disproportionately high price for development. This indicates that the regions inhabited by tribes were targeted for development projects due to their rich resources, often leading to ecological and social disruptions for the tribes.

(B) Large dams, factories, and mines were built in the Nehruvian era. During the early stages of India's economic development, infrastructure projects were prioritized, often at the cost of displacing tribal communities from their ancestral lands.

(C) Tribals were dispossessed of their land for setting up hydroelectric power plants. This statement highlights a specific type of project—hydroelectric power plants—that led to the forced removal of tribes from their lands without adequate compensation or relocation support.

(D) These developments benefitted the tribes at the expense of others. This statement is inaccurate as it suggests an advantage for the tribes, which contradicts the historical account of displacement and marginalization faced by them.

Analyzing the correctness of each option in relation to the question asked:

Option	Relevance to National Development Impact
(A)	True
(B)	True
(C)	True
(D)	False

Therefore, the correct answer is "(A), (B) and (C) only," as these points directly address the adverse impacts of national development on tribal communities, such as dispossession and environmental exploitation, without any suggestion of benefits derived by the tribes.

Answer 2

The passage discusses the impact of national development on tribal development. Let's analyze the statements:

(A) Tribal areas located in mineral-rich and forest-covered parts of the country paid a disproportionately high price for development - This is true. Many tribal areas, particularly those rich in minerals and forests, have suffered due to development projects that disrupted their traditional way of life and resulted in displacement.

(B) Large dams, factories, and mines were built in the Nehruvian era - This is true. The Nehruvian era focused on large-scale industrialization, which led to the construction of dams, factories, and mines, often in tribal areas, displacing tribal communities and affecting their livelihoods.

(C) Tribals were dispossessed of their land for setting up hydropower projects - This is true. Tribals were frequently displaced due to large infrastructure projects such as hydropower dams and mining projects, which took away their ancestral land and resources.

(D) These developments benefited the tribes at the expense of others - This is true. While these developments did bring some benefits in terms of infrastructure, they primarily benefited non-tribal populations and economically powerful groups, while tribes faced loss of land, displacement, and marginalization.

Thus, all four statements are correct, and the correct answer is Option 4: (A), (B), (C) and (D).