Calcination is the process of heating a substance, usually in the presence of air or oxygen, to bring about its decomposition or removal of volatile components. The reaction of calcium carbonate (\(\text{CaCO}_3\)) with heat to produce calcium oxide (\(\text{CaO}\)) and carbon dioxide (\(\text{CO}_2\)) is a typical example of calcination. This process is common in the production of lime from limestone.