Question

Which of the following options are correct with regard to Postmodernism?
(A). Focus on classical themes of heroism
(B). Promotes the idea of multiple perspectives
(C). Challenges grand narratives
(D). Focus on metafiction and intertextuality
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. (A), (B) and (D) only
• B. (A), (B) and (C) only
• C. (A), (B), (C) and (D)
• D. (B), (C), and (D) only

Hint:

Remember the key features of Postmodernism with terms like: Pastiche, Parody, Irony, Metafiction, Intertextuality, and Skepticism towards 'grand narratives'. These concepts are almost always present in questions about the movement.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The question asks to identify the key characteristics of Postmodernism, a complex literary and cultural movement that emerged in the mid-20th century.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let's analyze each statement:
\[\begin{array}{rl} \bullet & \text{(A) Focus on classical themes of heroism: This is incorrect. Postmodernism is deeply skeptical of traditional heroism and classical ideals. It often features anti-heroes and questions the very notion of a heroic narrative. } \\ \bullet & \text{(B) Promotes the idea of multiple perspectives: This is correct. A core tenet of Postmodernism is the rejection of a single, objective truth. It embraces relativism, subjectivity, and the validity of multiple, often conflicting, perspectives. } \\ \bullet & \text{(C) Challenges grand narratives: This is correct. Postmodern thought, particularly as articulated by Jean-François Lyotard, is defined by its "incredulity toward metanarratives" or grand narratives (e.g., the Enlightenment idea of Progress, or Marxist history). } \\ \bullet & \text{(D) Focus on metafiction and intertextuality: This is correct. Postmodern literature is highly self-conscious. It often draws attention to its own status as a work of art (metafiction) and plays with its relationship to other texts (intertextuality). } \\ \end{array}\] Therefore, the correct characteristics listed are (B), (C), and (D).

Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct option is (D).