Question

Identify correctly the themes and ideas that are explored in Modernist literature:
(A) Fragmentation and Disillusionment
(B) Rejection of traditional narrative forms
(C). A focus on the representation of the alienated self
(D). The linearity of time
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. (A), (C) and (D) only.
• B. (A), (B), and (D) only.
• C. (C), (B) and (D) only.
• D. (A), (B) and (C) only.

Hint:

A useful mnemonic for Modernism is "Make It New!" (Ezra Pound's dictum). This implies a break from the old ways. Modernists broke with traditional plots (linearity), traditional beliefs (disillusionment), and traditional characterization (alienated self).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The question asks to identify the core characteristics of Modernist literature, a major literary movement of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let's evaluate each option as a feature of Modernism:
\[\begin{array}{rl} \bullet & \text{(A) Fragmentation and Disillusionment: This is a central theme. Modernist writers responded to the perceived collapse of Victorian certainties, the horrors of World War I, and rapid industrialization with a sense of fragmentation in society, consciousness, and art. Disillusionment with traditional sources of meaning (religion, patriotism) is a hallmark. } \\ \bullet & \text{(B) Rejection of traditional narrative forms: This is a key stylistic feature. Modernists experimented with new forms to capture the fragmented modern consciousness, leading to techniques like stream of consciousness, non-linear narratives, and multiple perspectives. } \\ \bullet & \text{(C) A focus on the representation of the alienated self: This is correct. The individual in Modernist literature is often portrayed as isolated, alienated from society, and struggling with an internal crisis of identity and meaning. } \\ \bullet & \text{(D) The linearity of time: This is incorrect. Modernism actively challenged the traditional, linear conception of time. Influenced by thinkers like Henri Bergson, Modernists explored psychological, subjective time, often moving fluidly between past, present, and future in their narratives. } \\ \end{array}\] Therefore, (A), (B), and (C) are correct characteristics of Modernist literature.

Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct option is (D).