A Domain Controller (DC) is a server in a computer network that handles authentication requests and verifies users trying to access resources within a domain. It is a key component of the Active Directory environment.
It stores user account information and security details.
It authenticates logins and enforces security policies for users and computers.
Without a domain controller, centralized authentication and access control are not possible in a domain-based network.
This makes it a core part of enterprise IT infrastructure.