Which of the following factors affect the basic strength of amines?
(i) Inductive effect
(ii) Steric hindrance
(iii) Solvation effect
(iv) Solubility in organic solvents
Which of the following factors affect the basic strength of amines?
(i) Inductive effect
(ii) Steric hindrance
(iii) Solvation effect
(iv) Solubility in organic solvents
Show Hint
- (i) and (iv)
- (i), (ii), and (iii)
- (ii) and (iii)
- (ii) and (iv)
The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the factors affecting basic strength of amines. The basicity of an amine depends on its ability to donate a lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom. Several factors influence this ability: Inductive Effect: Electron-donating groups (+I effect) increase electron density on nitrogen, enhancing basicity. Conversely, electron-withdrawing groups (-I effect) decrease basicity. Steric Hindrance: Bulky groups around nitrogen hinder solvation and protonation, reducing basicity. Solvation Effect: The interaction of the amine with solvent molecules affects its ability to stabilize the conjugate acid form, influencing basic strength.
Step 2: Eliminating incorrect Option.
- Solubility in organic solvents (Option iv) does not directly influence the intrinsic basic strength of amines.
- Correct factors: Inductive effect (i), Steric hindrance (ii), and Solvation effect (iii) play significant roles in determining basicity.
Thus, the correct answer is (B) (i), (ii), and (iii).
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