Question

Which is/are a machinery for settlement of Industrial disputes under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947?
(A). Labour court
(B). Collective Bargaining
(C). Conciliation officer
(D). Board of Conciliation
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. (A), (B), (C)
• B. (B), (C), (D).
• C. (A), (C), (D).
• D. (A), (B), (D)

Hint:

Distinguish between statutory {machinery} (bodies like courts and boards created by a law) and non-statutory {methods} (processes like collective bargaining and arbitration) for dispute resolution. The Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, primarily establishes the statutory machinery.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947:
The Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, is the primary legislation in India for the investigation and settlement of industrial disputes. It provides a formal legal framework and establishes various bodies for this purpose.

Step 2: Analyzing the Options:


(A) Labour Court: This is a statutory body established under the Act for adjudicating industrial disputes relating to matters specified in the Second Schedule of the Act (e.g., dismissal of workmen, legality of strikes). So, it is a part of the machinery.
(B) Collective Bargaining: This is a {process} or a {method} of negotiation between employers and a group of employees aimed at reaching agreements to regulate working conditions. While it is a crucial mechanism for preventing and resolving disputes, it is not a formal statutory 'machinery' {created by the Act} in the same way as courts or officers are.
(C) Conciliation Officer: This is an authority appointed under the Act to mediate in and promote the settlement of industrial disputes. So, it is a part of the machinery.
(D) Board of Conciliation: This is a body constituted under the Act, comprising a chairman and two or four other members, to promote the settlement of a dispute. So, it is a part of the machinery.

Step 3: Identifying the Correct Machinery:
The formal machinery established under the Act includes Conciliation Officers, Boards of Conciliation, Courts of Inquiry, Labour Courts, Industrial Tribunals, and National Tribunals. Therefore, (A), (C), and (D) are correct. Collective Bargaining is a process, not a statutory body under the Act.

Step 4: Final Answer:
The correct combination of machinery for settlement of industrial disputes under the Act is (A), (C), and (D). This corresponds to option (C).