What type of bonds are present in molecular crystals?
What type of bonds are present in molecular crystals?
Solution and Explanation
Molecular crystals are made up of individual molecules held together by intermolecular forces. The bonding between the atoms within each molecule is typically covalent in nature, where electrons are shared between adjacent atoms to form molecular bonds. The intermolecular forces that hold the molecules together in a crystal lattice are weaker than covalent bonds and include London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole forces, and hydrogen bonding. These intermolecular forces arise from the interactions between the partially charged atoms or molecules in the crystal lattice. So, in a molecular crystal, covalent bonds are present within the molecules, while intermolecular forces are present between the molecules.
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Concepts Used:
Solid State
Solids are substances that are featured by a definite shape, volume, and high density. In the solid-state, the composed particles are arranged in several manners. Solid-state, in simple terms, means "no moving parts." Thus solid-state electronic devices are the ones inclusive of solid components that don’t change their position. Solid is a state of matter where the composed particles are arranged close to each other. The composed particles can be either atoms, molecules, or ions.
Types of Solids:
Based on the nature of the order that is present in the arrangement of their constituent particles solids can be divided into two types;
- Amorphous solids behave the same as super cool liquids due to the arrangement of constituent particles in short-range order. They are isotropic and have a broad melting point (range is about greater than 5°C).
- Crystalline solids have a fixed shape and the constituent particles are arranged in a long-range order.