The problem shows a specific chemical reaction and asks for its name.
Concept Used:
The reaction shown is a named reaction in organic chemistry used for the synthesis of aldehydes. The key features to identify are the starting material (an acyl chloride), the product (an aldehyde), and the specific reagents used for the reduction (hydrogen gas with a poisoned palladium catalyst).
Rosenmund Reduction: This reaction involves the catalytic hydrogenation of an acyl chloride (acid chloride) to form an aldehyde. The catalyst used is palladium supported on barium sulfate (\(Pd/BaSO_4\)), which is often "poisoned" with a substance like sulfur or quinoline. The purpose of the poison is to reduce the activity of the palladium catalyst, thereby preventing the over-reduction of the aldehyde product to a primary alcohol.
The starting material is Benzoyl chloride (\(C_6H_5COCl\)), which is an aromatic acyl chloride.
The final product is Benzaldehyde (\(C_6H_5CHO\)), which is an aromatic aldehyde.
The overall transformation is the conversion of the acid chloride group (\(-COCl\)) into an aldehyde group (\(-CHO\)).
Step 2: Identify the reagents used in the reaction.
The reagents are hydrogen gas (\(H_2\)) and a catalyst composed of Palladium on Barium Sulfate (\(Pd-BaSO_4\)).
Step 3: Match the transformation and reagents to a named reaction.
The catalytic reduction of an acyl chloride to an aldehyde using hydrogen gas over a poisoned palladium catalyst (like \(Pd-BaSO_4\)) is a specific and well-known named reaction.
In this catalytic system:
Palladium (Pd) acts as the hydrogenation catalyst.
Barium Sulfate (BaSO₄) provides a large surface area for the catalyst and, more importantly, acts as a catalyst poison, reducing its activity.
This controlled reduction, which stops at the aldehyde stage without proceeding to the alcohol, is the hallmark of the Rosenmund Reduction.
Final Computation & Result:
Based on the analysis of the reactant, product, and the specific catalytic system used, the given reaction is a classic example of the Rosenmund reduction.
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Approach Solution -2
Step 1. Identify the Reaction Components: The reaction involves the reduction of an acid chloride to an aldehyde using H2 gas in the presence of palladium on barium sulphate (Pd-BaSO4).
Step 2. Characteristics of Rosenmund Reduction: This specific reduction, where an acid chloride is reduced to an aldehyde, is known as the Rosenmund reduction. In this process, the use of Pd-BaSO4 prevents further reduction of the aldehyde to an alcohol.
Step 3. Conclude with the Recognized Reaction: Thus, the partial reduction of the acid chloride to an aldehyde in this reaction confirms it as a Rosenmund reduction.
