Question

What is the meaning of political parties in democracy? Write its any two functions.

Hint:

Political parties make democracy functional by contesting elections, forming governments, and ensuring representation. Always mention at least two functions, but adding more shows deeper understanding.

Answer 1

Political parties are organized groups of people who share common political beliefs, programmes, and ideologies. In a democracy, citizens elect representatives through elections, and these representatives usually belong to political parties. Political parties act as the link between people and the government. They represent public opinion, contest elections, form governments, and play an important role in shaping policies. Without political parties, elections would be meaningless and democratic governments would become unstable.
Meaning in Simple Terms:
- A political party is a group of people who come together to gain political power by contesting elections.
- They reflect the will of the people and ensure that citizens' interests are represented in government decisions.
Functions of Political Parties:
1. Contesting Elections:
Parties select candidates to contest elections and campaign for them. For example, in India, parties like the Congress, BJP, and regional parties nominate candidates during Lok Sabha and State Assembly elections.
2. Forming and Running Government:
The party with majority forms the government. The leader of the majority party becomes the Prime Minister or Chief Minister. The party in power makes policies and governs the country.
3. Providing Opposition:
Parties not in power act as opposition. They check the misuse of power, criticize wrong policies, and suggest alternatives. This ensures balance in democracy.
4. Shaping Public Opinion:
Parties spread awareness among citizens through campaigns, rallies, debates, and social media. They help in making people aware of issues like development, education, or corruption.
5. Social Representation:
Political parties bring together people of different regions, castes, religions, and languages under one umbrella, thus strengthening unity in diversity.
Conclusion:
Political parties are the backbone of democracy. They contest elections, form governments, provide opposition, and connect the people with the state. Without them, democracy cannot function effectively. The two most important functions are contesting elections and forming governments, but their overall role is much broader and vital.