A stain is a mark, discoloration, or spot left on a surface due to the presence of a substance. Stains are typically difficult to remove and can be caused by various materials. The five categories of stains are:
1. Protein Stains – Caused by substances like blood, milk, or egg (e.g., blood stains).
2. Oil-based Stains – Caused by oils, fats, and greasy substances (e.g., butter,cooking oil).
3. Tannin Stains – Caused by substances containing tannins like tea, coffee, or wine.
4. Dye Stains – Caused by colored substances like ink, marker, or food coloring.
5. Combination Stains – Stains caused by a mixture of different substances (e.g., makeup stains).
In the adjoining figure, $\triangle CAB$ is a right triangle, right angled at A and $AD \perp BC$. Prove that $\triangle ADB \sim \triangle CDA$. Further, if $BC = 10$ cm and $CD = 2$ cm, find the length of AD.