Question

What is Green Revolution? What was its impact on Indian agriculture?

Hint:

The Green Revolution is often called the "Wheat Revolution" in India due to its primary impact on wheat production.

Answer 1

The Green Revolution was introduced under the guidance of scientists like M. S. Swaminathan and policymakers during the 1960s to address severe food shortages. It introduced high-yielding variety seeds of wheat and rice, modern irrigation practices, mechanization, chemical fertilizers, and pesticides. As a result, food production increased dramatically, especially in states like Punjab, Haryana, and Uttar Pradesh. India, once dependent on imports, became self-reliant in food grains. However, it also led to challenges like overuse of groundwater, soil degradation, loss of biodiversity, and increased regional disparities, as only certain states benefitted fully. Despite drawbacks, it remains a milestone in India’s agricultural history.