Question

What is an electric cell? Give an example.
OR Write Ohm's law and also draw the graph between voltage and current.

Hint:

Ohm's law applies to materials that obey the linear relationship between voltage and current, i.e., Ohmic materials.

Answer 1

a. Electric Cell: 
An electric cell is a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy. It has two electrodes, namely the anode and cathode, and an electrolyte. When the cell is connected to an external circuit, it provides a potential difference (voltage) that drives electric current through the circuit.
Example of Electric Cell: One common example of an electric cell is the Dry Cell used in batteries for various electronic devices. The Leclanché cell is another example of a simple electric cell used in torches. b. Ohm's Law: 
Ohm's law states that the current passing through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage applied across it, provided the temperature and material remain constant. The law is mathematically expressed as:
\[ V = I \cdot R \]
where:
- \( V \) is the potential difference (voltage) in volts,
- \( I \) is the current in amperes,
- \( R \) is the resistance of the conductor in ohms (\( \Omega \)).
Graph between Voltage and Current: 
The graph between voltage (\(V\)) and current (\(I\)) for an Ohmic conductor is a straight line, indicating that the current increases linearly with an increase in voltage. The slope of this line represents the resistance of the conductor.