Question

What are Y and Z respectively in the following reaction sequence?

• A.
• B.
• C.
• D.

Hint:

In electrophilic substitution, chlorine directs the incoming nitro group to the para-position due to its electron-withdrawing inductive effect.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Nitration of Chlorobenzene 
- Reaction: Chlorobenzene undergoes nitration with HNO\(_3\)/H\(_2\)SO\(_4\). 
- The major product is p-nitrochlorobenzene due to the electron-withdrawing effect of chlorine.
Step 2: Conversion to Phenol 
- Reaction: The chlorine in p-nitrochlorobenzene is replaced by OH under fused NaOH at high temperature (443K). 
- The resulting compound is p-nitrophenol.
Step 3: Confirming the Correct Option 
- The correct Y is p-nitrochlorobenzene.
- The correct Z is p-nitrophenol. 
Thus, the correct answer is the option with p-nitrophenol. \bigskip