Question

What are the causes of primary amenorrhoea?

Hint:

A detailed history, physical examination, and appropriate investigations are key to diagnosing the cause of primary amenorrhoea.

Answer 1

Step 1: Understanding Primary Amenorrhoea.
Primary amenorrhoea refers to the absence of menstruation in a girl by age 15 or 16, despite the presence of normal growth and development. The causes can be congenital, hormonal, or structural.

Step 2: Common Causes of Primary Amenorrhoea.
1. **Congenital conditions:** These include conditions like Turner syndrome, where the ovaries fail to develop properly.
2. **Hormonal imbalances:** Disorders like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or hypothalamic dysfunction can lead to primary amenorrhoea.
3. **Structural abnormalities:** Conditions like Mullerian agenesis or imperforate hymen can prevent menstruation from occurring.
4. **Other factors:** Thyroid disorders, hyperprolactinemia, and nutritional factors can also contribute.

Step 3: Conclusion.
The causes of primary amenorrhoea can be multifactorial, and a thorough evaluation is needed to diagnose the underlying condition.