Remember the key difference for Tyndall effect in colloids: Lyophobic (solvent-hating) means a big difference in properties (like refractive index) leading to strong scattering. Lyophilic (solvent-loving) means a smaller difference, leading to weak scattering.
Step 1: Understanding the Question:
The question asks which type of mixture shows the Tyndall effect most effectively. Step 2: Key Formula or Approach:
The Tyndall effect is the scattering of light by particles in a colloid or a very fine suspension. The visibility of the effect depends on two main conditions:
1. The diameter of the dispersed particles should not be much smaller than the wavelength of the light used.
2. There must be a significant difference in the refractive indices of the dispersed phase and the dispersion medium. Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
Let's analyze the options:
(A) True solution: The solute particles (ions or small molecules) are too small (less than 1 nm) to scatter light. Hence, true solutions do not show the Tyndall effect.
(B) Lyophilic colloid: (Solvent-loving) In these colloids, the dispersed particles are extensively solvated. There is a strong affinity between the dispersed phase and the dispersion medium. This leads to a small difference in their refractive indices. As a result, the scattering of light is weak, and the Tyndall effect is less pronounced.
(C) Lyophobic colloid: (Solvent-hating) In these colloids, there is very little affinity between the dispersed phase and the dispersion medium. The particles are not well-solvated. This creates a large difference between the refractive indices of the particles and the medium. This large difference causes strong scattering of light, making the Tyndall effect very distinct and effectively shown.
(D) Suspension: Particles in a suspension are large (>1000 nm). They can scatter light, but they are also unstable and settle down under gravity. While they show the effect, the term "colloid" is where the Tyndall effect is a defining characteristic. Between the two types of colloids, lyophobic is the better answer. Step 4: Final Answer:
The Tyndall effect is shown most effectively by lyophobic colloids due to the large difference in refractive indices between the dispersed phase and the dispersion medium.
