Comprehension

There is no natural habitat on earth known that is inhabited just by a single species. For any species, the minimal requirement is one more species on which it can feed. Even a plant species, which makes its own food, cannot survive alone and needs soil microbes to break down the organic matter in soil and return the inorganic nutrients for absorption. It is obvious that in nature, animals, plants, and microbes do not and cannot live in isolation but interact in various ways to form a biological community.

Question: 1

Which of the following is correct among the following statements related to species interaction?

Updated On: Nov 4, 2024
  • Calotropis releases a strong smell to prevent cattle and goats from eating its leaves.
  • Predators help in maintaining species diversity in a community.
  • Totally unrelated species never compete for the same resource.
  • Closely related species competing for the same resources cannot co-exist indefinitely even if the resources are unlimited.
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The Correct Option is B

Solution and Explanation

Predators play a crucial role in maintaining species diversity by controlling prey populations, preventing any single species from becoming overly dominant, thus supporting ecosystem balance.
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Question: 2

Which of the following set of organisms is an example of commensalism?

Updated On: Nov 4, 2024
  • Pisaster (starfish) and some invertebrates
  • Abingdon tortoise and goats
  • Sea anemone and clown fish
  • Flamingo and resident fishes
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The Correct Option is C

Solution and Explanation

The relationship between the sea anemone and clownfish exemplifies commensalism, where the clownfish gains protection among the anemone’s stinging tentacles, while the anemone is unaffected, benefitting one without affecting the other.
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Question: 3

Which of the following is not classified into the category of parasites?

Updated On: Nov 4, 2024
  • Mosquito
  • Cuckoo
  • Cuscuta
  • Ticks
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The Correct Option is B

Solution and Explanation

The cuckoo is a brood parasite, relying on other bird species to raise its young by laying eggs in their nests. It differs from true parasites, which directly feed on their hosts, like mosquitoes, Cuscuta, and ticks.
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Question: 4

The process in which the fitness of one species (measured in terms of its ‘r’, the intrinsic rate of increase) is significantly lower in the presence of another species is known as:

Updated On: Nov 4, 2024
  • Parasitism
  • Competition
  • Predation
  • Commensalism
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The Correct Option is B

Solution and Explanation

In competition, the presence of another species lowers the fitness (r-value) of one or both species as they vie for similar resources. This interaction can reduce their growth rate due to resource limitation.
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Question: 5

Which of the following is not associated with the realistic growth model?

Updated On: Nov 4, 2024
  • Sigmoid shaped growth curve
  • J-shaped growth curve
  • Verhulst-Pearl logistic growth
  • Logistic Growth
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The Correct Option is B

Solution and Explanation

The J-shaped growth curve represents exponential growth without accounting for environmental resistance or carrying capacity, making it unrealistic for natural populations. Realistic growth models, like the logistic growth curve, consider environmental constraints.
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