Photon energy is given by: \[ E = \frac{hc}{\lambda} \] Given: \[ h = 6.63 \times 10^{-34}, \quad c = 3 \times 10^8, \quad \lambda = 500 \, \text{nm} = 500 \times 10^{-9} \, \text{m} \] Substitute: \[ E = \frac{6.63 \times 10^{-34} \times 3 \times 10^8}{500 \times 10^{-9}} = \frac{1.989 \times 10^{-25}}{5 \times 10^{-7}} = 3.978 \times 10^{-19} \, \text{J} \] \[ E \approx 3.98 \times 10^{-19} \, \text{J} \]