Question:

The solution of the differential equation $\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{xy + y}{xy + x}$ is

Updated On: Apr 17, 2023
  • $x + y - \log \frac{cy}{x} $
  • $x + y = \log (cxy)$
  • $x - y - \log \frac{cx}{y}$
  • $y - x = \log \frac{cx}{y}$
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The Correct Option is D

Solution and Explanation

$\frac{ dy }{ dx }=\frac{ dy + y }{ xy + x }$ $\Rightarrow \frac{ dy }{ dx }=\frac{ y ( x +1)}{ x ( y +1)}$ $\Rightarrow \int\left(\frac{ y +1}{ y }\right) dy =\int\left(\frac{ x +1}{ x }\right) dx$ $\Rightarrow \int\left(1+\frac{1}{ y }\right) dy =\int\left(1+\frac{1}{ x }\right) dx$ $\Rightarrow y +\log y = x +\log x +\log c$ $\Rightarrow y - x +\log y -\log x =\log c$ $\Rightarrow y - x +\log \frac{ x }{ y }=\log c$ $\Rightarrow y - x =\log c -\log \frac{ y }{ x }$ $\Rightarrow y - x =\log c +\log \frac{ y }{ x }$ $\Rightarrow y - x =\log \left(\frac{ cx }{ y }\right)$
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Concepts Used:

Differential Equations

A differential equation is an equation that contains one or more functions with its derivatives. The derivatives of the function define the rate of change of a function at a point. It is mainly used in fields such as physics, engineering, biology and so on.

Orders of a Differential Equation

First Order Differential Equation

The first-order differential equation has a degree equal to 1. All the linear equations in the form of derivatives are in the first order. It has only the first derivative such as dy/dx, where x and y are the two variables and is represented as: dy/dx = f(x, y) = y’

Second-Order Differential Equation

The equation which includes second-order derivative is the second-order differential equation. It is represented as; d/dx(dy/dx) = d2y/dx2 = f”(x) = y”.

Types of Differential Equations

Differential equations can be divided into several types namely

  • Ordinary Differential Equations
  • Partial Differential Equations
  • Linear Differential Equations
  • Nonlinear differential equations
  • Homogeneous Differential Equations
  • Nonhomogeneous Differential Equations