Question:

The solubility product of a sparingly soluble salt AX2 is 3.2 ×10–11. Its solubility (in moles/liter) is

Updated On: Jun 23, 2024
  • 3.1×10–4

  • 2 × 10–4 

  • 4 × 10–4

  • 5.6 × 10–6

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The Correct Option is B

Solution and Explanation

The solubility of the sparingly soluble salt AX2 (with a solubility product of 3.2 × 10⁻¹¹) is 4 × 10⁻⁴ moles/liter.

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Concepts Used:

Law of Chemical Equilibrium

Law of Chemical Equilibrium states that at a constant temperature, the rate of a chemical reaction is directly proportional to the product of the molar concentrations of the reactants each raised to a power equal to the corresponding stoichiometric coefficients as represented by the balanced chemical equation.

Let us consider a general reversible reaction;

A+B ↔ C+D

After some time, there is a reduction in reactants A and B and an accumulation of the products C and D. As a result, the rate of the forward reaction decreases and that of backward reaction increases. 

Eventually, the two reactions occur at the same rate and a state of equilibrium is attained. 

By applying the Law of Mass Action;

The rate of forward reaction;

Rf = Kf [A]a [B]b

The rate of backward reaction;

Rb = Kb [C]c [D]d

Where,

[A], [B], [C] and [D] are the concentrations of A, B, C and D at equilibrium respectively.

a, b, c, and d are the stoichiometric coefficients of A, B, C and D respectively.

Kf and Kb­ are the rate constants of forward and backward reactions.

However, at equilibrium,

Rate of forward reaction = Rate of backward reaction.

Kc is called the equilibrium constant expressed in terms of molar concentrations.

The above equation is known as the equation of Law of Chemical Equilibrium.