A sphere of radius R is cut from a larger solid sphere of radius 2R as shown in the figure. The ratio of the moment of inertia of the smaller sphere to that of the rest part of the sphere about the Y-axis is : 
A, B and C are disc, solid sphere and spherical shell respectively with the same radii and masses. These masses are placed as shown in the figure. 
The moment of inertia of the given system about PQ is $ \frac{x}{15} I $, where $ I $ is the moment of inertia of the disc about its diameter. The value of $ x $ is:


In the first configuration (1) as shown in the figure, four identical charges \( q_0 \) are kept at the corners A, B, C and D of square of side length \( a \). In the second configuration (2), the same charges are shifted to mid points C, E, H, and F of the square. If \( K = \frac{1}{4\pi \epsilon_0} \), the difference between the potential energies of configuration (2) and (1) is given by: