The outermost electronic configuration of the most electronegative element is
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The outermost electronic configuration of the most electronegative element follows a specific pattern. It consists of a certain number of electrons in different energy levels.
- $ns^2 \, np^3$
- $ns^2 \, np^4$
- $ns^2 \, np^5$
- $ns^2 \, np^6$
The Correct Option is C
Approach Solution - 1
The correct answer is Option C) \(ns^2 \, np^5\)
Fluorine, a halogen, is the most electronegative atom, has the electronic configuration \(2s^2 \, 2p^5\) (valence shell).
Electronegativity refers to the tendency of attracting electrons.
The electronic configuration of the most electronegative element is ns2np5. As after an electron is gained, the element becomes more stable.
Fluorine, with atomic number 9, is the most electronegative element. Its electronic configuration is 1s22s22p5.
Therefore the correct answer is Option C.
Discover More From Chapter: P-Block Elements
Approach Solution -2
The correct answer is Option C) \(ns^2 \, np^5\)
Real Life Applications
The real-life applications of the outermost electronic configuration of the most electronegative element, which is ns2np5 are:
Fluorine is the most electronegative element, and it has the outermost electronic configuration ns2np5. Fluorine is used in a variety of applications, including:
1) Teflon: Teflon is a polymer that is made up of repeating units of carbon and fluorine. Teflon is non-stick, heat-resistant, and chemically inert. It is used in a variety of applications, including cookware, electrical insulation, and medical implants.
2) Hydrofluoric acid: Hydrofluoric acid is a strong acid that is used in a variety of applications, including glass etching, metal cleaning, and semiconductor manufacturing.
3) Fluoridated water: Fluoride is added to drinking water in many countries to help prevent tooth decay. Chlorine is the second most electronegative element, and it has the outermost electronic configuration ns2np5. Chlorine is used in a variety of applications, including:
- Chlorine gas: Chlorine gas is a toxic gas that is used as a disinfectant and a bleaching agent.
- Chlorine bleach: Chlorine bleach is a household product that is used to whiten clothes and to disinfect surfaces.
- Chlorinated solvents: Chlorinated solvents are used in a variety of industrial applications, including degreasing, cleaning, and metal processing.
Question can also be asked as
- What is the outermost electronic configuration of the element with the highest electronegativity?
- Which element has the outermost electronic configuration ns2np5?
- What is the trend in electronegativity across the periodic table?
- How does the outermost electronic configuration of an element affect its electronegativity?
Approach Solution -3
The correct answer is Option C) \(ns^2 \, np^5\)
The most electronegative element exhibits a unique electronic configuration that plays a crucial role in its chemical properties.
- The outermost electronic configuration refers to the arrangement of electrons in the highest energy level of an atom.
- For the most electronegative element, its outermost electronic configuration follows a specific pattern.
- The outermost electronic configuration of the most electronegative element is ns2np5, where "n" represents the energy level.
- The "s" and "p" orbitals in the outermost energy level accommodate a total of 7 electrons.
- The presence of 5 electrons in the "p" orbital gives the element its high electronegativity.
Read More:
| Related Concepts | ||
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Mass of Elements | Ionic Radius | Group 16 Elements |
| Isotopes of Elements | Group 18 Elements | d Block Elements |
Significance of the Outermost Electronic Configuration
- The outermost electrons of an element determine its chemical behaviour and reactivity.
- The presence of 5 electrons in the "p" orbital of the most electronegative element provides a strong driving force for electron gain, contributing to its high electronegativity.
- This electronic configuration allows the element to readily attract electrons from other atoms in chemical bonding.
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Concepts Used:
Structure of Atom
Atomic Structure:
The atomic structure of an element refers to the constitution of its nucleus and the arrangement of the electrons around it. Primarily, the atomic structure of matter is made up of protons, electrons and neutrons.
Dalton’s Atomic Theory
Dalton proposed that every matter is composed of atoms that are indivisible and indestructible.
The following are the postulates of his theory:
- Every matter is made up of atoms.
- Atoms are indivisible.
- Specific elements have only one type of atoms in them.
- Each atom has its own constant mass that varies from element to element.
- Atoms undergo rearrangement during a chemical reaction.
- Atoms can neither be created nor be destroyed but can be transformed from one form to another.
Cons of Dalton’s Atomic Theory
- The theory was unable to explain the existence of isotopes.
- Nothing about the structure of atom was appropriately explained.
- Later, the scientists discovered particles inside the atom that proved, the atoms are divisible.
Subatomic Particles
- Protons - are positively charged subatomic particles.
- Electron - are negatively charged subatomic particles.
- Neutrons - are electrically neutral particles and carry no charge
Atomic Structure of Isotopes
Several atomic structures of an element can exist, which differ in the total number of nucleons.These variants of elements having a different nucleon number (also known as the mass number) are called isotopes of the element. Therefore, the isotopes of an element have the same number of protons but differ in the number of neutrons. For example, there exist three known naturally occurring isotopes of hydrogen, namely, protium, deuterium, and tritium.