We need to find the number of positive integers up to 500 that have non-repeating digits.
Case 1: 1-digit numbers There are 9 possible 1-digit numbers: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. So, there are 9 such numbers.
Case 2: 2-digit numbers For 2-digit numbers, the first digit can be any digit from 1 to 9 (9 choices), and the second digit can be any of the remaining 9 digits (0-9, excluding the first digit). Therefore, the number of 2-digit numbers with non-repeating digits is:
9×9=81
Case 3: 3-digit numbers (up to 500) For 3-digit numbers, the first digit must be from 1 to 4 (4 choices), the second digit can be any of the remaining 9 digits, and the third digit can be any of the remaining 8 digits. Therefore, the number of 3-digit numbers with non-repeating digits is:
4×9×8=288
Total The total number of positive integers up to 500 with non-repeating digits is:
9+81+288=378
Thus, the correct answer is 378.
Directions: In Question Numbers 19 and 20, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R).
Choose the correct option from the following:
(A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(C) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(D) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
Assertion (A): For any two prime numbers $p$ and $q$, their HCF is 1 and LCM is $p + q$.
Reason (R): For any two natural numbers, HCF × LCM = product of numbers.