Question:

The magnetic field at the centre O of the arc shown in the figure is

Updated On: Dec 11, 2023
  • 2I(2+π)×107r2I\left(\sqrt{2}+\pi\right)\times\frac{10^{-7}}{r}
  • 2I(2+π4)×107r2I\left(\sqrt{2}+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)\times\frac{10^{-7}}{r}
  • I(2+π)×107rI\left(\sqrt{2}+\pi\right)\times\frac{10^{-7}}{r}
  • I(2+π4)×107rI\left(\sqrt{2}+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)\times\frac{10^{-7}}{r}
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The Correct Option is B

Solution and Explanation

Here, a=r2a =\frac{r}{\sqrt{2}} Magnetic field at point O due to AB is B1=μ04πIa=μ0I4π(r/2)B_{1}=\frac{\mu_{0}}{4\pi } \frac{I}{a}=\frac{\mu_{0} I}{4\pi\left(r /\sqrt{2}\right)} Magnetic field at point O due to BCD is B2=μ0I4πr(π2)B_{2}=\frac{\mu_{0}I}{4\pi r} \left(\frac{\pi}{2}\right) Magnetic field at point O due to DE is B3=μ0I4πa=μ0I4π(r/2)B_{3}=\frac{\mu_{0}I}{4\pi a}=\frac{\mu_{0}I}{4\pi\left(r /\sqrt{2}\right)} Resultant magnetic field at point O is B=B1+B2+B3B = B_{1} + B_{2} + B_{3} =μ0I4π(r/2)+μ0I4πr(π2)+μ0I4π(r/2)=\frac{\mu_{0}I}{4\pi\left(r /\sqrt{2}\right)}+\frac{\mu_{0}I}{4\pi r} \left(\frac{\pi}{2}\right)+\frac{\mu_{0}I}{4\pi\left(r /\sqrt{2}\right)} =μ0I4πr(2+π2+2)=μ0I4πr(22+π2)=\frac{\mu_{0}I}{4\pi r}\left(\sqrt{2}+\frac{\pi}{2}+\sqrt{2}\right)=\frac{\mu_{0}I}{4\pi r}\left(2\sqrt{2}+\frac{\pi}{2}\right) =μ02I4πr(2+π4)=\frac{\mu_{0}2I}{4\pi r}\left(\sqrt{2}+\frac{\pi}{4}\right) =107×2Ir(2+π4)[μ04π=107]=\frac{10^{-7}\times2I}{r}\left(\sqrt{2}+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)\quad\quad\quad\left[\because \frac{\mu_{0}}{4\pi}=10^{-7}\right]
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Concepts Used:

Magnetic Field

The magnetic field is a field created by moving electric charges. It is a force field that exerts a force on materials such as iron when they are placed in its vicinity. Magnetic fields do not require a medium to propagate; they can even propagate in a vacuum. Magnetic field also referred to as a vector field, describes the magnetic influence on moving electric charges, magnetic materials, and electric currents.

A magnetic field can be presented in two ways.

  • Magnetic Field Vector: The magnetic field is described mathematically as a vector field. This vector field can be plotted directly as a set of many vectors drawn on a grid. Each vector points in the direction that a compass would point and has length dependent on the strength of the magnetic force.
  • Magnetic Field Lines: An alternative way to represent the information contained within a vector field is with the use of field lines. Here we dispense with the grid pattern and connect the vectors with smooth lines.

Properties of Magnetic Field Lines

  • Magnetic field lines never cross each other
  • The density of the field lines indicates the strength of the field
  • Magnetic field lines always make closed-loops
  • Magnetic field lines always emerge or start from the north pole and terminate at the south pole.