Question

The frequency of alternating current (a.c.) supply in India is:

• A. Zero Hertz
• B. 50 Hertz
• C. 60 Hertz
• D. 100 Hertz

Hint:

Remember: In India, a.c. frequency is 50 Hz, while in some countries like the USA, it's 60 Hz.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

In India, the standard frequency of the alternating current (a.c.) supply is fixed at 50 Hertz (Hz). The frequency of an alternating current refers to the number of complete cycles of the current waveform that occur in one second. \smallskip 1.
Meaning of 50 Hz Frequency:

A frequency of 50 Hz means that the current changes its direction 50 times every second. More specifically, the current completes 50 full cycles (each cycle consisting of a positive and negative half) per second.
This rapid change in direction is a fundamental characteristic of alternating current, which distinguishes it from direct current (d.c.), where the flow of electrons is unidirectional.
\smallskip 2.
Reason for Standardization:

The standard frequency of 50 Hz is maintained uniformly throughout India to ensure compatibility and proper functioning of electrical appliances, equipment, and infrastructure.
Maintaining a consistent frequency is crucial for the synchronization of power generation, transmission, and distribution systems across the country.
\smallskip 3.
Global Context:

Different countries use different standard frequencies (for example, 60 Hz in the USA). The choice of frequency affects the design of electrical devices and systems.
\smallskip In conclusion, the alternating current supply in India operates at a standard frequency of 50 Hz, meaning the current reverses direction 50 times every second, which helps in achieving uniformity and compatibility in the country's electrical power system.