A – Waksman; B – Streptococcus
A – Fleming; B – Penicillium notatum
A – Waksman; B – Bacillus brevis
A – Fleming; B – Staphylococci
Step 1: Discovery of the first antibiotic.
Alexander Fleming discovered the first antibiotic, penicillin, in 1928.
Step 2: Observation during research.
He observed that a mold,Penicillium notatum, inhibited the growth of Staphylococci bacteria.

| S. No. | Particulars | Amount (in ₹ crore) |
|---|---|---|
| (i) | Operating Surplus | 3,740 |
| (ii) | Increase in unsold stock | 600 |
| (iii) | Sales | 10,625 |
| (iv) | Purchase of raw materials | 2,625 |
| (v) | Consumption of fixed capital | 500 |
| (vi) | Subsidies | 400 |
| (vii) | Indirect taxes | 1,200 |