Step 1: Understanding the Question:
The question asks for the explanation Socrates gave to his disciples regarding his wife's action and his reaction.
Step 2: Locating the Information in the Passage:
The answer is found in the direct quotation from Socrates.
The passage states: 'Socrates told them, "I am a saint who is expected not to lose patience and temper even in precarious situation. My wife tested me and I got success. She is my preceptor. Don't revile her".'
Step 3: Final Answer:
Socrates' explanation had three main points:
1. A saint must maintain patience and temper under all circumstances.
2. His wife's action was a test of this quality, which he successfully passed.
3. She acted as his teacher (preceptor) in this test, and therefore, she should not be insulted.