Comprehension

Study the given figure carefully and answer the questions that follow :
minning

Question: 1

Mention the methods of mining given in the picture.

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Different methods of mining are used depending on the depth and type of mineral deposit—surface mining for shallow minerals and underground mining for deeper ones.
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Solution and Explanation

The methods of mining shown in the picture are:
Open-cast Mining – Minerals are extracted by removing surface layers of soil and rock.
Shaft Mining – Deep vertical shafts are dug to reach minerals lying at great depths.
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Question: 2

Differentiate between the two methods of mining given in the picture.

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Open-cast mining is suitable for shallow deposits, while shaft mining is used when minerals are located deep inside the Earth.
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Solution and Explanation

The two commonly depicted methods of mining are Open-cast Mining and Shaft Mining. Their differences are:
Open-cast MiningShaft Mining
Used for extracting minerals that lie close to the surface. Used for extracting minerals that lie deep below the surface.
Involves removal of surface layers to reach the mineral deposit.Involves digging deep vertical shafts to access underground minerals.
Less expensive and less dangerous.More expensive and riskier due to depth and safety concerns.
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Question: 3

Which mining method is more life threatening?

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Shaft mining is riskier than open-cast mining due to its depth, confined spaces, and hazardous working conditions.
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Solution and Explanation

Shaft mining is more life-threatening because it involves digging deep underground shafts, which poses risks such as:
Possibility of tunnel collapse or cave-ins
Exposure to harmful gases and dust
Poor ventilation and lighting
Higher chances of fire, flooding, or accidents
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