Question

Mention the methods of mining given in the picture.

Answer 1

The methods of mining shown in the picture are:
Open-cast Mining – Minerals are extracted by removing surface layers of soil and rock.
Shaft Mining – Deep vertical shafts are dug to reach minerals lying at great depths.

Answer 2

The two commonly depicted methods of mining are Open-cast Mining and Shaft Mining. Their differences are:

Open-cast Mining	Shaft Mining
Used for extracting minerals that lie close to the surface.	Used for extracting minerals that lie deep below the surface.
Involves removal of surface layers to reach the mineral deposit.	Involves digging deep vertical shafts to access underground minerals.
Less expensive and less dangerous.	More expensive and riskier due to depth and safety concerns.

Answer 3

Shaft mining is more life-threatening because it involves digging deep underground shafts, which poses risks such as:
Possibility of tunnel collapse or cave-ins
Exposure to harmful gases and dust
Poor ventilation and lighting
Higher chances of fire, flooding, or accidents