Question

Define the term mineral fuels. Explain the disadvantage of mineral fuels with reference to India.

Hint:

Mineral fuels are energy resources from fossilized organic matter; their use causes pollution, health hazards, and resource depletion in India.

Answer 1

Mineral fuels are natural resources obtained from the earth that can be used as sources of energy. They include coal, petroleum (crude oil), natural gas, and lignite. These fuels are formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals over millions of years. Disadvantages of Mineral Fuels with reference to India:
Non-renewable Resource: Mineral fuels are finite and depleting rapidly, which poses energy security issues for India.
Environmental Pollution: Burning mineral fuels releases pollutants like carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxides, causing air pollution and contributing to global warming.
Health Hazards: Pollution from mineral fuel use leads to respiratory diseases and other health problems in densely populated Indian cities.
Import Dependency: India imports a significant portion of its petroleum and natural gas, making it vulnerable to international market fluctuations and price hikes.
Mining Impact: Extraction of coal and other mineral fuels causes land degradation, deforestation, and displacement of communities.