Question

Statement: All successful entrepreneurs are risk-takers.
Conclusion: If a person is not a risk-taker, they cannot be a successful entrepreneur.
Is the conclusion valid?

• A. Yes
• B. No
• C. Partially valid
• D. Cannot determine

Hint:

For critical reasoning, use logical implications and check for the contrapositive to validate conclusions.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

- Step 1: Analyze the statement. "All successful entrepreneurs are risk-takers" means every successful entrepreneur (S) is a risk-taker (R), or S \rightarrow R.
- Step 2: Evaluate the conclusion. The conclusion states, "If a person is not a risk-taker, they cannot be a successful entrepreneur," i.e., \neg R \rightarrow \neg S.
- Step 3: Apply logical reasoning. The statement S \rightarrow R implies its contrapositive \neg R \rightarrow \neg S is true. The conclusion matches the contrapositive.
- Step 4: Test for validity. If someone is not a risk-taker (\neg R), they cannot be a successful entrepreneur (\neg S), as all successful entrepreneurs must be risk-takers.
- Step 5: Check options. Option (1) "Yes" aligns with the logical validity of the conclusion. Option (2) "No" is incorrect as the conclusion follows logically. Option (3) "Partially valid" is not applicable in strict logic. Option (4) "Cannot determine" is incorrect as the conclusion can be determined.
- Step 6: Conclusion. Option (1) is correct.