Question

Sometimes while running, athletes suffer from muscle cramps. Why? How is the respiration in this case different from aerobic respiration?

Answer 1

Step 1: Why do athletes suffer from muscle cramps while running?
During vigorous physical activity like running, the muscle cells may not receive enough oxygen to meet the high energy demand.
As a result, the cells switch from aerobic respiration to anaerobic respiration to produce energy.
This leads to the partial breakdown of glucose, resulting in the formation of lactic acid.
The accumulation of lactic acid in the muscles causes muscle cramps and pain.

Step 2: Difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration
- Aerobic respiration: Takes place in the presence of oxygen. Glucose is completely broken down into carbon dioxide and water, releasing a large amount of energy.
- Anaerobic respiration: Takes place in the absence of oxygen. Glucose is partially broken down into lactic acid, releasing less energy.

Step 3: Summary
Muscle cramps in athletes occur due to the accumulation of lactic acid from anaerobic respiration, which happens when the oxygen supply is insufficient during intense activity.

Final Answer:
- Reason for cramps: Due to anaerobic respiration and lactic acid build-up in muscles.
- Difference: Anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen and produces lactic acid, while aerobic respiration occurs with oxygen and produces carbon dioxide and water.