Question

Smaller subunit of ribosomes binds to what for initiation of translation

• A. DNA
• B. mRNA
• C. tRNA
• D. microsatellite RNA

Hint:

• Translation Initiation Steps: 1. Small ribosomal subunit binds to mRNA. 2. Initiator tRNA (carrying Met or fMet) binds to the start codon (AUG) on mRNA. 3. Large ribosomal subunit joins the complex.
• mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

The initiation of translation in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells involves the interaction between the smaller subunit of the ribosome and a specific nucleic acid sequence. During this process, the smaller ribosomal subunit plays a crucial role in recognizing and binding to this sequence to correctly initiate protein synthesis. This interaction is indispensable because it ensures that translation starts at the correct location on the mRNA, thus determining the amino acid sequence of the resulting protein.

For the initiation of translation specifically, the smaller subunit of ribosomes binds to mRNA. This binding is necessary for the ribosome to read the mRNA sequence codons accurately and pair them with the appropriate transfer RNA (tRNA) carrying specific amino acids. The coupling between the ribosomal subunit and mRNA facilitates the initiation complex's formation, setting the stage for the translation process that eventually leads to protein synthesis.

In conclusion, the correct answer is mRNA, as it is the nucleic acid that the smaller ribosomal subunit interacts with to kickstart the process of translation.