Question

According to the passage, egalitarianism will not survive if:

• A. It is based on voluntary renunciation
• B. It is achieved by resorting to physical force.
• C. Underprivileged people are not involved in its establishment.
• D. People's outlook towards it is not radically changed.
• A. He has inherent desire to share his possession with others.
• B. He is endowed with the possessive instinct.
• C. Only his possession helps him earn love and respect from his descendants.
• D. Through his possessions he can preserve his name even after his death
• A. Educating people to conflict.
• B. Achieving total political freedom for the country
• C. Establishment of an egalitarian society
• D. Radically changing the mind and attitude of men towards truth and non-violence.
• A. True egalitarianism can be achieved by giving up one's possessions under compulsion.
• B. Man values his life more than his possessions.
• C. Possessive instinct is a natural desire of human beings
• D. In the political struggle, the fight was against alien rule.
• A. It is thrust upon people.
• B. It is based on truth and non-violence.
• C. People inculcate spiritual values instead of material values.
• D. 'Haves' and 'have-nots' live together peacefully
• A. Which is based on coercion and oppression
• B. Which does not satisfy their basic needs
• C. Which is based upon conciliation and rapprochement
• D. Which is not congenital to the spiritual values of the people
• A. The paradise of material satisfaction
• B. Dominant inherent acquisitive instinct in man.
• C. Exploitation of the 'have-nots' by the 'haves'.
• D. A social order where the unprivileged are not a part of the establishment.
• A. A new order can be established by radically changing the outlook of people towards it.
• B. Adoption of the ideal of trusteeship can minimize possessive instinct.
• C. Enforced egalitarianism can be the cause of its own destruction
• D. Ideal of new order is to secure maximum material satisfaction.
• A. A social order based on truth and nonviolence alone can help the achievement of political freedom.
• B. After establishing the social order of Gandhiji pattern, the possibility of a conflict between different classes of society will hardly exist.
• C. It is difficult to change the mind and attitude of men towards property.
• D. In an egalitarian society, material satisfaction can be enjoyed only at the expense of others.
• A. Equating peace and progress with material satisfaction.
• B. Adoption of the ideal by the 'haves' for the benefit of 'have-nots'.
• C. Voluntary enlightened remuneration of the possessive instinct by the privileged class.
• D. Substitution of spiritual values by material ones by those who live in the paradise of material satisfaction.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

The passage emphasizes that for egalitarianism to sustain and thrive, a fundamental change in the way people perceive and accept it is necessary.
Let us examine each option:

(a) Voluntary renunciation, while not the most effective way, does not guarantee failure of egalitarianism; it may still work under idealistic conditions.

(b) Resorting to physical force may be undesirable, but it does not necessarily prevent the survival of egalitarianism; it depends on the context and implementation.

(c) Non-involvement of underprivileged people could affect the establishment, but not necessarily the survival, which is a long-term aspect.

(d) If people’s outlook towards egalitarianism is not radically changed, it means society is not fundamentally aligned with its principles. In such a case, egalitarianism cannot survive because it lacks the necessary ideological and cultural support. This is explicitly emphasized in the passage. Thus, option (d) directly addresses the sustainability of egalitarianism and is the correct choice.

Answer 2

The passage highlights that man attaches greater value to his possessions than to his life because possessions offer a sense of immortality or lasting legacy.
Let’s analyze the options:
(a) The desire to share possessions is altruistic, but it is not the reason man values possessions more than life. The passage does not mention this motivation.

(b) While the possessive instinct may drive ownership, it does not explain the higher value placed on possessions over life itself. This is more about instinct, not lasting legacy.

(c) Earning love and respect from descendants is related but limited; the passage goes beyond this to emphasize immortality through possession.

(d) This is the correct answer. According to the passage, possessions are valued because they allow a man to preserve his name and identity even after death. This notion of preserving legacy or being remembered is key to understanding why possessions are considered more valuable than life itself. Thus, the correct interpretation of the passage leads to option (d) as the most accurate.

Answer 3

According to the passage, while Gandhi was successful in achieving political freedom for India, his deeper experiment aimed at the creation of an egalitarian society remained incomplete.
Let's break down each option for clarity:
(a) "Educating people to conflict" contradicts Gandhi’s principles of peace and non-violence. Gandhi never sought to promote conflict; thus, this option is incorrect.

(b) "Achieving total political freedom" was already accomplished during Gandhi’s lifetime. It was not the unfinished part of his mission.

(c) This is the correct answer. Gandhi envisioned a society where equality prevailed — both economically and socially. However, this egalitarian society was not realized, and hence, it remained the unfinished part of his broader social experiment.

(d) Although Gandhi did aim to transform people's attitudes towards truth and non-violence, the passage indicates that this change was part of his vision. The end goal or visible outcome was the establishment of a just and equal society — i.e., an egalitarian society. Therefore, (d) is not the best choice. In conclusion, the establishment of an egalitarian society was Gandhi’s ultimate, yet unfulfilled, social experiment.

Answer 4

The passage explicitly mentions that man values his possessions more than his life, because possessions offer a sense of permanence and legacy. This contradicts statement (b), making it not true.
Let’s evaluate each statement:
(a) The passage discusses compulsion and voluntary renunciation, making this statement contextually plausible.

(b) Incorrect, as per the passage. Man values possessions more than life, not less.

(c) Correct. The possessive instinct is described as natural.

(d) Correct. The passage references alien rule in the political struggle.

Answer 5

The passage emphasizes that for egalitarianism to be sustainable, people must undergo a radical change in values, shifting from materialism to spiritualism.

(a) Imposing egalitarianism is contrary to its principles.

(b) Truth and non-violence are means, not the key condition for longevity.

(c) Correct. Spiritual values are necessary for sustaining egalitarianism.

(d) Coexistence is a result, not the core requirement for survival.

Answer 6

The passage makes it clear that people resist and ultimately overthrow a social system that relies on coercion and oppression. Such systems lack legitimacy and sustainability.

(a) Correct. Coercive systems provoke rebellion.

(b) While relevant, the passage stresses oppression more strongly.

(c) Conciliation promotes peace, not revolt.

(d) Spiritual incongruence is important but secondary to coercion.

Answer 7

The passage attributes class conflict to the acquisitive instinct — the natural desire of humans to possess more, creating inequality.

(a) Material satisfaction is a result, not the root cause.

(b) Correct. The innate urge to acquire creates social divisions.

(c) Exploitation is a symptom of this instinct, not the root cause.

(d) Exclusion is a consequence, not the fundamental cause.

Answer 8

The passage argues that a new, ideal order should focus on spiritual values, not material satisfaction. Hence, statement (d) is not true.

(a) Correct — changing people's outlook is essential.

(b) Correct — trusteeship helps reduce materialism.

(c) Correct — forced equality can be unstable.

(d) Incorrect. The new order seeks spiritual growth, not material gains.

Answer 9

The passage discusses how Gandhi's model of social order is based on truth, non-violence, and spiritual values, which aim to remove class distinctions and conflicts.
Let’s assess the conclusions:
(a) The passage recognizes truth and non-violence but says they are insufficient alone; achieving political freedom also needs deeper societal change.

(b) Correct. Gandhiji's social order promotes harmony, reducing class conflict. The passage supports this deduction.

(c) While possibly true, this is a challenge, not a deduced conclusion from the passage’s core message.

(d) The passage promotes shared satisfaction in an egalitarian society, not exploitation, making this incorrect. Thus, the conclusion that reflects the passage accurately is (b).

Answer 10

The concept of trusteeship in Gandhian thought implies that the wealthy ('haves') hold their wealth in trust for the welfare of the less privileged ('have-nots').
Evaluating the options:
(a) Incorrect. Material satisfaction is not equated with peace in Gandhian philosophy.

(b) Correct. The 'haves' adopt trusteeship to support the 'have-nots'. This aligns with the passage.

(c) Overly complex and not clearly expressed in the passage.

(d) Incorrect. Trusteeship promotes spiritual over material values, not the reverse. Therefore, trusteeship is about moral responsibility and equitable distribution for social harmony.