On the night of October 12th, the "Sunburst Medallion" was stolen from the highly secured display case in the city museum. The theft occurred sometime between the museum closing at 10:00 PM and the night guard, Mr. Hemant, completing his final round at 1:00 AM. Three primary suspects were identified, all of whom had recently been dismissed from their museum positions: Anjali, the former curator; Bharat, the former security expert; and Chitra, the former exhibits designer.
Here are the established facts and their alibis:
- The security system logs show that the display case was opened using a specific five-digit code, which only Anjali and the museum director (who was out of the country) knew.
- Bharat's alibi is that he was at a distant relative's birthday party from 8:00 PM to 1:30 AM. Multiple independent witnesses confirmed his presence throughout the entire period.
- Chitra's alibi is that she was working late at a downtown graphic design studio. A time-stamped security camera from the studio's entrance shows her entering at 7:00 PM and exiting at 11:45 PM. The studio is a 20-minute drive from the museum.
- Mr. Hemant, the night guard, stated he checked the medallion at 10:30 PM, and it was still there.
Further investigation revealed that a small, distinctive silver button was found near the display case. Anjali is known to frequently wear a coat with similar unique silver buttons. The security expert, Bharat, had previously boasted that he could remotely disable a certain type of magnetic lock—the same type used on the medallion's case—without needing the code, though the log suggests the code was used. (269 words)
Based only on the fact that the five-digit code was used to open the display case, who is the only plausible suspect among the three?
Show Hint
- Anjali
- Bharat
- Chitra
- Both Anjali and Chitra
The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
The theft occurred between 10{:00 PM and 1{:}00 AM, but the night guard saw the medallion at 10{:}30 PM. Given Chitra's alibi, what is the earliest time she could have reached the museum?}
Show Hint
- 11{:}45 PM
- 12{:}05 AM
- 12{:}45 AM
- 10{:}50 PM
The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
If the theft was committed by Bharat, which established fact must be incorrect, based on the provided information?
Show Hint
- The medallion was present at 10{:}30 PM
- The security logs indicating the code was used
- The museum closing time of 10{:}00 PM
- The time frame of his alibi (8{:}00 PM to 1{:}30 AM)
The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
The discovery of the silver button near the display case is the most incriminating evidence against which suspect, and why?
Show Hint
- Bharat, because he had the technical expertise to get close to the case
- Chitra, because she was near the museum late that night
- Anjali, because she is known to wear a coat with similar buttons
- Mr.Hemant, as he was the last person to check the area
The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
A detective argues: ``Since Bharat has a confirmed, continuous alibi covering the entire time window of the theft (10{:}30 PM to 1{:}00 AM), he cannot be the thief.'' What principle of logic supports this detective's conclusion?
Show Hint
- Correlation does not imply causation
- If an event requires presence, confirmed absence proves innocence
- The rule of double jeopardy
- The burden of proof lies with the accuser
The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Considering all the facts (the code being used, the silver button, and the confirmed alibis), which is the most reasonable inference?
Show Hint
- Bharat must have had an accomplice who knew the code
- Chitra's alibi is false because she had enough time to commit the crime after leaving the studio
- Anjali is the most likely suspect because the code was used and she has a direct link to the physical evidence (the button)
- Mr.Hemant is secretly the thief and is trying to frame the former employees
The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
What condition is necessary for Chitra to have stolen the medallion?
Show Hint
- She must know the five digit code
- She must have left the graphic design studio before 11{:}45 PM
- The theft must have occurred after she left the studio and before 1{:}00 AM
- She must have worked with Anjali to disable the locks
The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
Top Questions on Assertion and Reason
- For the below Assertion [As] and Reason [R] choose the correct alternative-
Assertion [As] : The Planning Commission of India mainly work to formulate the five year and annual plans of the country.
Reason [R] : The planning Commission is a Constitutional body.- CG Pre BEd - 2025
- Logical Reasoning
- Assertion and Reason
- For the below Assertion [As] and Reason [R], choose the correct alternative: Assertion [As]: Earthworm is harmful for agriculture.
Reason [R]: Earthworm breaks down the soil into smaller pieces and makes it finer.- CG Pre BEd - 2025
- Logical Reasoning
- Assertion and Reason
- Assertion (A) : Increase in carbon dioxide would melt polar ice.
Reason (R) : Global temperature would rise.- JEECUP - 2024
- Logical Reasoning
- Assertion and Reason
- Assertion (A) : Ashoka pillars have retained their gloss in their surface.
Reason (R) : Moisture laden winds do not blow in the areas where they are located- JEECUP - 2024
- Logical Reasoning
- Assertion and Reason
- Assertion (A) : In India, the judiciary is independent of the executive.
Reason (R) : Judiciary favour the government and helps in implementation.- JEECUP - 2024
- Logical Reasoning
- Assertion and Reason
Questions Asked in CLAT exam
- In a language laboratory, students were given an interesting puzzle involving the word "ELECTROCARDIOGRAPH." The teacher explained that such exercises not only test logical skills but also sharpen attention to detail. According to the challenge, the word had to undergo a series of transformations. First, the class was asked to take the first half of the letters, reverse their order and make the arrangement of letters look quite different from the original. Next, the students were told to identify the last but one letter of the original word and place it at the very beginning, a step that changed the opening appearance of the sequence completely. Finally, as a finishing touch, they had to add the letter 'S' at the end. Following these steps carefully would lead them to the correct transformed word, and only those who adhered to each condition in the exact order could solve the puzzle successfully. (150 words)
- CLAT - 2026
- Coding Decoding
In a small town lived a close-knit family where every relation could be expressed through simple symbols. For instance, when they said \( A \times B \), it meant \( A \) is the father of \( B \), while \( A \div B \) meant \( A \) is the mother of \( B \). The younger ones were often introduced with \( A + B \), meaning \( A \) was the daughter of \( B \), and the bond of brotherhood was shown by \( A - B \) (A is brother of B).
One day, the children in the family turned these symbols into a playful code. Instead of introducing their parents and siblings in words, they spoke only in symbols. “Look,” giggled little Meena, “\( M + N \div O \)!” Everyone laughed, because they knew it meant Meena was the daughter of \( N \), and \( N \) was the mother of \( O \), making her \( O \)’s sister. What started as a code soon became a family game, making the bonds of father, mother, daughter, and brother not just relations, but symbols of love and togetherness. (165 words)
- CLAT - 2026
- Blood Relations
Four teams – Red (R), Blue (B), Green (G), and Yellow (Y) – are competing in the final four rounds of the Inter-School Science Olympiad, labeled Round A, Round B, Round C, and Round D. Each round consists of one match between two teams, and every team plays exactly two matches. No team plays the same opponent more than once.
The final schedule must adhere to the following rules:
- Rule 1 (Consecutive Play): The Green team (G) must play their two matches in consecutive rounds.
- Rule 2 (Fixed Appearance): The Yellow team (Y) must play in Round B.
- Rule 3 (Positional Constraint): The Red team (R) must play against the Blue team (B) in a round that is immediately before a round in which neither R nor B is playing.
- Rule 4 (Timing): The Blue team's (B) first match must occur in an earlier round than the Green team's (G) first match.
- Rule 5 (Opponent Link): The team that plays against the Red team (R) in the round that is not against the Blue team (B), is the same team that plays in Round D.
(193 words)
- CLAT - 2026
- Seating Arrangement
Health insurance plays a vital role in ensuring financial protection and access to quality healthcare. In India, however, the extent and nature of health insurance coverage vary significantly between urban and rural areas. While urban populations often have better access to organized insurance schemes, employer-provided coverage, and awareness about health policies, rural populations face challenges such as limited outreach of insurance schemes, inadequate infrastructure, and lower awareness levels. This urban-rural divide in health insurance coverage highlights the broader issue of healthcare inequality, making it essential to analyze the factors contributing to this gap and explore strategies for more inclusive health protection. A state-level health survey was conducted.
The survey covered 1,80,000 adults across urban and rural areas. Urban residents formed 55% of the sample (that is, 99,000 people) while rural residents made up 45% (that is, 81,000 people). In each area, coverage was classified under four heads – Public schemes, Private insurance, Employer-provided coverage, and Uninsured. In urban areas, Public coverage accounted for 28% of the urban population, Private for 22%, Employer for 18%, and the remaining 32% were Uninsured. In rural areas, where formal coverage is generally lower, Public coverage stood at 35%, Private at 10%, Employer at 8%, while 47% were Uninsured.
For this survey, “Insured” includes everyone covered by Public + Private + Employer schemes, and “Uninsured” indicates those with no coverage at all. Officials noted that public schemes remain the backbone of rural coverage, while employer and private plans are relatively more prevalent in urban centres. (250 words)
- CLAT - 2026
- Ratio and Proportion
A state electricity report serves as an important tool to assess energy production and track progress in the power sector. By providing quarterly data on generation measured in gigawatt hours (GWh), the report highlights the contribution of different energy sources such as coal, gas, hydro, solar, and wind. This not only helps in understanding the overall energy mix and dependence on conventional versus renewable sources but also enables policymakers, planners, and stakeholders to evaluate trends, address gaps, and promote sustainable energy development. A state electricity report provides quarterly generation (in GWh) by source – Coal, Gas, Hydro, Solar, and Wind.
In Q1
Generation from Coal is 2,200 GWh, Gas contributes 800 GWh, Hydro 900 GWh, Solar 700 GWh, and Wind 400 GWh, for a total of 5,000 GWh.
In Q2
Coal rises to 2,400 GWh, while Gas dips to 700 GWh; Hydro improves to 1,000 GWh, Solar to 800 GWh, and Wind to 600 GWh, bringing the quarterly total to 5,500 GWh.
In Q3
Coal moderates to 2,100 GWh, Gas increases to 900 GWh, Hydro softens to 800 GWh, but Solar advances to 1,000 GWh and Wind to 700 GWh, keeping the total at 5,500 GWh.
In Q4
Coal moves to 2,300 GWh, Gas to 850 GWh, Hydro to 1,100 GWh, Solar to 900 GWh, and Wind to 850 GWh, for a total of 6,000 GWh.
For analysis, Renewables are taken as Hydro + Solar + Wind. A carbon policy scenario proposes cutting Coal by 10%, shifting the entire energy reduction equally into Solar and Wind. (255 words)
- CLAT - 2026
- Statistical Estimation