Properties that can be manipulated using Protein Engineering: Using Protein Engineering techniques, various properties of proteins can be modified, and some of these include:
– Thermal stability: The protein can be modified to make it stable at higher temperatures.
– pH stability: The protein can be modified to make it stable in a wider range of pH.
– Solvent tolerance: This allows the protein to function effectively in the presence of various solvents.
– Solubility: It is possible to manipulate the solubility of the protein.
– Catalytic Potency: This enables one to enhance the catalytic activity of a protein.
– Biological adaptation to environmental stresses: Using protein engineering, proteins can be manipulated to increase their tolerance to various stresses, such as high salinity, drought, and extreme temperatures.


Rishika and Shivika were partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3 : 2. Their Balance Sheet as at 31st March, 2024 stood as follows:
Balance Sheet of Rishika and Shivika as at 31st March, 2024
| Liabilities | Amount (₹) | Assets | Amount (₹) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Capitals: | Equipment | 45,00,000 | |
| Rishika – ₹30,00,000 Shivika – ₹20,00,000 | 50,00,000 | Investments | 5,00,000 |
| Shivika’s Husband’s Loan | 5,00,000 | Debtors | 35,00,000 |
| Creditors | 40,00,000 | Stock | 8,00,000 |
| Cash at Bank | 2,00,000 | ||
| Total | 95,00,000 | Total | 95,00,000 |
The firm was dissolved on the above date and the following transactions took place:
(i) Equipements were given to creditors in full settlement of their account.
(ii) Investments were sold at a profit of 20% on its book value.
(iii) Full amount was collected from debtors.
(iv) Stock was taken over by Rishika at 50% discount.
(v) Actual expenses of realisation amounted to ₹ 2,00,000 which were paid by the firm. Prepare Realisation Account.