Mercury kept in the refrigerator has length L. If taken out in atmospheric pressure condition, length remains the same due to?
Solution and Explanation
Mercury is known to have a very low coefficient of thermal expansion, which means it expands or contracts very little with changes in temperature. This property makes it suitable for use in thermometers and other applications where precise measurements are required.
When mercury is kept in a refrigerator, it reaches a temperature close to the refrigerator's set temperature. Upon taking it out into atmospheric pressure conditions, although the temperature of the surroundings may change, the expansion or contraction of mercury due to the change in temperature is minimal and can be considered negligible. Therefore, the length of mercury remains approximately the same when exposed to atmospheric pressure conditions.
Top Questions on kinetic theory
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- IIT JAM - 2024
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\(v(x)=0\,\,for\,\,-\frac{a}{2}<x<+\frac{a}{2}\)= ∞ elsewhere
Let 𝐸𝑒 (𝑥) and ψ𝑒 (𝑥) be the ground state energy and the corresponding wave function, respectively, if an electron (e) is trapped in that well. Similarly, let 𝐸µ(𝑥) and ψµ (𝑥) be the corresponding quantities, if a muon (µ) is trapped in the well. Choose the correct option:- IIT JAM - 2024
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- A gas consists of particles, each having three translational and three rotational degrees of freedom. The ratio of specific heats, Cp/Cv, is: (Cp and Cv are the specific heats at constant pressure and constant volume, respectively).
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- A stationary nitrogen (\(^{14}_7N\)) nucleus is bombarded with α- particle (\(^{4}_2He\)) and the following nuclear reaction takes place:
If the kinetic energies of \(^4_2\) and \(^4_2H\) are 5.314MeV and 4.012MeV, respectively, then the kinetic energy of \(^{17}_80\) is MeV. (Rounded off to one decimal place)
(Masses are given in units of 𝑢 = 931.5MeV/c2 )- IIT JAM - 2024
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Concepts Used:
Kinetic Theory
The kinetic theory is a fundamental concept in physics and chemistry that describes the behavior of gases, liquids, and solids in terms of the motion of their constituent particles. According to the kinetic theory, all matter is made up of tiny particles, such as atoms or molecules, that are constantly in motion.
The kinetic theory postulates that the temperature of a substance is directly proportional to the average kinetic energy of its particles. The higher the temperature, the greater the motion of the particles, and the more energy they possess.
In a gas, the kinetic theory explains that the particles move randomly and independently, colliding with one another and with the walls of their container. These collisions are elastic which means that no energy has lost during the collision. As a result, the pressure of the gas is directly related to the average speed of its particles and the number of collisions per unit area.
In a liquid or a solid, the particles are more closely packed and have less freedom of motion than in a gas. However, they still vibrate and move, and the kinetic theory explains their behavior in terms of the strength of their intermolecular forces and the amount of energy they possess.
Overall, the kinetic theory provides a framework for understanding the behavior of matter at the atomic and molecular level and has many practical applications, such as in the design of engines, the production of gases, and the study of the properties of materials.