Match the reactions in List-I with the features of their products in List-II and choose the correct option
List-I List-II (P) (-)-1-Bromo-2-ethylpentane 
(single enantiomer) (1) Inversion of configuration (Q) (-)-2-Bromopentane 
(single enantiomer) (2) Retention of configuration (R) (-)-3- Bromo-3-methylhexane 
(single enantiometer) (3) Mixture of enantiomers (S) 
(single enantiometer)(4) Mixture of structural isomers (5) Mixture of diastereomers
| List-I | List-II | ||
| (P) | (-)-1-Bromo-2-ethylpentane (single enantiomer) | (1) | Inversion of configuration |
| (Q) | (-)-2-Bromopentane (single enantiomer) | (2) | Retention of configuration |
| (R) | (-)-3- Bromo-3-methylhexane (single enantiometer) | (3) | Mixture of enantiomers |
| (S) | (single enantiometer) | (4) | Mixture of structural isomers |
| (5) | Mixture of diastereomers |
P →1; Q→2 ; R →5; S →3
P →2; Q→1 ; R →3; S →5
P →1; Q→2; R →5; S →4
P →2; Q→4; R →3; S →5
The Correct Option is B
Approach Solution - 1
- (P) (-)-1-Bromo-2-ethylpentane (SN2 Reaction): SN2 reactions lead to an inversion of configuration due to the backside attack of the nucleophile, resulting in the inversion of the chiral center. Therefore, P corresponds to 1.
- (Q) (-)-2-Bromopentane (SN2 Reaction): Similar to P, an SN2 reaction here will also cause an inversion of configuration, resulting in a single enantiomer. Therefore, Q corresponds to 1.
- (R) (-)-3-Bromo-3-methylhexane (SN1 Reaction): SN1 reactions often result in a mixture of enantiomers because the carbocation intermediate is planar, allowing attack from either side. Thus, the product can be both inverted and retained. Therefore, R corresponds to 3.
- (S) (single enantiomer, SN1 Reaction): The formation of a carbocation in SN1 reactions leads to a mixture of diastereomers, especially when there's more than one chiral center in the molecule. Therefore, S corresponds to 5.
Approach Solution -2
(P) Configuration at chiral carbon is same.
P → 2 [reaction does not occur at chiral carbon]
(Q) Configuration at chiral carbon changes.
Q → 1
(R) SN1 → Mixture of enantiomers formed.
R → 3
(S):Refer the Image below
∴ So mixture of diastereomers are formed.
S → 5
The correct Answer is option is (B): P →2; Q→1 ; R →3; S →5
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Stoichiometry
Stoichiometry is founded on the law of conservation of mass where the total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products, leading to the insight that the relations among quantities of reactants and products typically form a ratio of positive integers. This means that if the amounts of the separate reactants are known, then the amount of the product can be calculated. Conversely, if one reactant has a known quantity and the quantity of the products can be empirically determined, then the amount of the other reactants can also be calculated.
Stoichiometry helps us determine how much substance is needed or is present. Things that can be measured are;
- Reactants and Products mass
- Molecular weight
- Chemical equations
- Formulas
Stoichiometric Coefficient
The Stoichiometric coefficient of any given component is the number of molecules and/or formula units that participate in the reaction as written.
Mole Ratios
The mass of one mole of a substance in grams is called molar mass. The molar mass of one mole of a substance is numerically equal to the atomic/molecular formula mass.