Question

Match the LIST-I with LIST-II 

Choose the correct answer from the options given below: 
 

• A. A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV
• B. A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV
• C. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
• D. A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV

Hint:

A mnemonic to remember the three major trisomies: at age {13} (Patau) you can go to a {P}G-13 movie, at age {18} (Edward's) you are an {E}ligible voter, and at age {21} (Down's) you can go {D}rinking.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
This question tests knowledge of specific aneuploidy conditions, specifically trisomies. A trisomy is a genetic disorder in which a person has three copies of a chromosome instead of the usual two. Each syndrome listed is associated with a specific chromosome.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let's match each condition with its corresponding chromosomal abnormality:
- A. Edward's syndrome: This is a severe genetic disorder caused by the presence of a third copy of chromosome 18. It is also known as Trisomy 18. So, A matches with II.
- B. Down's syndrome: This is the most common chromosomal disorder, caused by a full or partial extra copy of chromosome 21. It is also known as Trisomy 21. So, B matches with III.
- D. Patau's syndrome: This is a syndrome caused by a chromosomal abnormality, in which some or all of the cells of the body contain extra genetic material from chromosome 13. It is also known as Trisomy 13. So, D matches with IV.
- C. Mosaic trisomy: Mosaicism means that an individual has a mixture of cells, some with the normal number of chromosomes and some with an extra chromosome. While mosaicism can occur with any trisomy, Trisomy 16 is the most common trisomy found in pregnancies, though it usually results in miscarriage if present in all cells (full trisomy). Live births are possible with mosaic Trisomy 16. Given the other definite matches, it is logical to pair Mosaic trisomy with Trisomy of 16. So, C matches with I.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Combining the matches:
A $\rightarrow$ II (Trisomy of 18)
B $\rightarrow$ III (Trisomy of 21)
C $\rightarrow$ I (Trisomy of 16)
D $\rightarrow$ IV (Trisomy of 13)
The correct combination is A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV, which corresponds to option (D).