Question

Match the buildings in Group I with their architectural feature in Group II.\[\begin{array}{|c|c|} \hline Group I & Group II \\ \hline \text{(P) Erechtheion, Athens} & \text{(1) Hypostyle Hall} \\ \hline \text{(Q) Temple of Karnak, near Luxor} & \text{(2) Caryatid} \\ \hline \text{(R) Hagia Sophia, Istanbul} & \text{(3) Pendentive} \\ \hline \text{(S) Pantheon, Rome} & \text{(4) Flying buttress} \\ \hline \text{(5) Oculus} \\ \hline \end{array}\]

• A. P-2, Q-1, R-3, S-5
• B. P-1, Q-2, R-4, S-3
• C. P-3, Q-1, R-5, S-2
• D. P-2, Q-3, R-4, S-5

Hint:

Always associate iconic monuments with their signature elements: Caryatid (Erechtheion), Hypostyle Hall (Karnak), Pendentive (Hagia Sophia), Oculus (Pantheon).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Erechtheion, Athens.
- Famous for its Porch of the Caryatids, where sculpted female figures act as columns. \[ P \rightarrow 2 \; (\text{Caryatid}) \]

Step 2: Temple of Karnak, Luxor.
- Egyptian temple complex, iconic feature = Hypostyle Hall (forest of columns). \[ Q \rightarrow 1 \; (\text{Hypostyle Hall}) \]

Step 3: Hagia Sophia, Istanbul.
- Byzantine church, pioneering use of pendentives to support massive central dome. \[ R \rightarrow 3 \; (\text{Pendentive}) \]

Step 4: Pantheon, Rome.
- Famous Roman temple with a large dome and central circular opening = Oculus. \[ S \rightarrow 5 \; (\text{Oculus}) \]

Step 5: Elimination.
- Option (A) matches exactly: P-2, Q-1, R-3, S-5.

Final Answer: \[ \boxed{\text{(A) P-2, Q-1, R-3, S-5}} \]