Question

Match List-I with List-II 

Choose the correct answer from the options given below: 
 

• (A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)
• (A) - (I), (B) - (III), (C) - (II), (D) - (IV)
• (A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (IV), (D) - (III)
• (A) - (III), (B) - (IV), (C) - (II), (D) - (I)

Hint:

Associate keywords for chromatography types: Affinity \(\rightarrow\) Specific Binding; Ion-Exchange \(\rightarrow\) Charge; Size-Exclusion/Molecular Sieve \(\rightarrow\) Size; Partition/Adsorption \(\rightarrow\) Phase.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Chromatography is a laboratory technique for the separation of a mixture. The separation is based on the differential partitioning of the components of a mixture between a stationary phase and a mobile phase. Different types of chromatography exploit different properties of the molecules to achieve separation.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
(A) Affinity Chromatography: This technique separates molecules based on a highly specific biological interaction, such as that between an enzyme and its substrate, or an antibody and its antigen. The stationary phase has a ligand that binds specifically to the target molecule. This is a separation based on specific Chemical Structure or binding affinity. So, (A) matches with (III).
(B) Ion-Exchange Chromatography: This method separates molecules based on their net surface Charge. The stationary phase is a resin that is either positively or negatively charged. Molecules with the opposite charge will bind to the resin, while molecules with the same charge or no charge will pass through. So, (B) matches with (IV).
(C) Molecular Sieve Chromatography (or Size-Exclusion/Gel Filtration): This technique separates molecules based on their Shape and Size. The stationary phase consists of porous beads. Small molecules can enter the pores, so their path through the column is longer. Large molecules cannot enter the pores and are eluted first. So, (C) matches with (II).
(D) Planar Chromatography (e.g., Paper Chromatography, Thin-Layer Chromatography): In these methods, separation occurs as a mobile phase moves across a flat (planar) stationary phase. The separation is based on the differential partitioning of components between the two phases (stationary and mobile). The different solubilities and adsorptions of the components to the two phases cause them to move at different rates. So, (D) matches with (I).
Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct matching is: (A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(II), (D)-(I). This does not match any of the provided options exactly. Let's re-examine.
(A) Affinity \(\rightarrow\) (III) Chemical Structure (or Specific Binding)
(B) Ion-Exchange \(\rightarrow\) (IV) Charge
(C) Molecular Sieve \(\rightarrow\) (II) Shape and size
(D) Planar Chromatography \(\rightarrow\) (I) Phase (Partitioning between phases)
The matching (A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(II), (D)-(I) is the most accurate. Let's re-check the provided options. It seems there is an error in the question's options. Let's find the best fit.
Let's assume there is a typo in option 4, and it should be (A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(II), (D)-(I). If we must choose from the given options, let's re-evaluate.
Option 4: (A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(II) This matches A and B correctly. It incorrectly matches (C) Molecular sieve with (I) Phase and (D) Planar with (II) Size. This is incorrect.
Let's check other options. None seem better. The intended question likely contained the mapping (A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(II), (D)-(I). Assuming a typo in the provided options and answer key, we will proceed with the logically correct pairing.
(A) Affinity \(\rightarrow\) (III) Chemical Structure (B) Ion-Exchange \(\rightarrow\) (IV) Charge (C) Molecular Sieve \(\rightarrow\) (II) Shape and size (D) Planar \(\rightarrow\) (I) Phase Based on the provided options, none are correct. However, if forced to select the "best" option, one might look for the option with the most correct pairs. Option 1: A-I(X), B-II(X), C-III(X), D-IV(X) Option 2: A-I(X), B-III(X), C-II(\checkmark), D-IV(X) Option 3: A-I(X), B-II(X), C-IV(X), D-III(X) Option 4: A-III(\checkmark), B-IV(\checkmark), C-I(X), D-II(X) Option 4 has two correct matches, which is more than any other option. This strongly suggests that option 4 is the intended answer, despite containing errors.