Question

Match List I with List II
\(\begin{array}{|c|c|c|} \hline \text{LIST I (Technique)} & & \text{LIST II (Application)} \\ \hline \text{A. Distillation} & & \text{I. Separation of glycerol from spent-lye} \\ \text{B. Fractional distillation} & & \text{II. Aniline - Water mixture} \\ \text{C. Steam distillation} & & \text{III. Separation of crude oil fractions} \\ \text{D. Distillation under reduced pressure} & & \text{IV. Chloroform-Aniline} \\ \hline \end{array}\)
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III
• B. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
• C. A-I, B-III, C-IV, D-II
• D. A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

To solve the given question, we need to match each technique listed in LIST I to its correct application in LIST II. Let's analyze each technique and their most common applications: 

1. Distillation: This technique is used for the separation of volatile components based on differences in their boiling points. In the question, option IV. Chloroform-Aniline matches with distillation, as this method can separate components with different boiling points.
2. Fractional Distillation: This method is an enhanced form of distillation that is used when separating mixtures of liquids with closer boiling points. It is commonly used in III. Separation of crude oil fractions because crude oil consists of many components with similar boiling points.
3. Steam Distillation: This technique is used for purifying temperature-sensitive compounds such as essential oils and certain aromatic compounds. It suits II. Aniline - Water mixture as it helps in separating compounds that are insoluble in water and have a high boiling point.
4. Distillation under Reduced Pressure: This technique is used for liquids that decompose at high temperatures. Lowering the pressure allows the distillation process to occur at lower temperatures, suitable for I. Separation of glycerol from spent-lye, where glycerol needs to be separated without decomposition.

Now, let's match LIST I with LIST II correctly:

List I (Technique)	List II (Application)
A. Distillation	IV. Chloroform-Aniline
B. Fractional Distillation	III. Separation of crude oil fractions
C. Steam Distillation	II. Aniline - Water mixture
D. Distillation under Reduced Pressure	I. Separation of glycerol from spent-lye

Thus, the correct solution is: A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I.

Answer 2

• A. Distillation is used for the chloroform - aniline (IV).This method lowers the boiling point of liquids by reducing pressure, allowing separation of heat-sensitive compounds without decomposition.
• B. Fractional distillation is utilized for the separation of crude oil fractions (III). It involves a fractionating column that separates various components of crude oil based on their differing boiling points.
• C. Steam distillation is effective for separating aniline - water mixtures (II). This technique uses steam to separate substances with high boiling points or compounds immiscible with water.
• D. Distillation under reduced pressure is applied for separation of glycerol from spent-lye (I). Distillation works by heating the mixture to evaporate the component with a lower boiling point and condensing it in a separate chamber, useful for separating components in solutions.