Comprehension

It has been observed that nucleus of a living cell is responsible for this transmission of inherent characters, also called heredity. The particles in the nucleus of cell, responsible for heredity, are called chromosomes, which are made up of proteins and another type of biomolecules called nucleic acids. These are mainly of two types, the deoxyribonucleic acids (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). Since nucleic acids are long chain polymers of nucleotides, so they are also called polynucleotides. RNA molecules are of three types and they perform different functions. They are named as messenger RNA (m-RNA), ribosomal RNA (r-RNA) and transfer RNA (t-RNA).

Question: 1

CO is stronger ligand than Cl$^{-1}$.

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Recall the spectrochemical series order: Halogens <OH <H$_2$O <NH$_3$ <CN <CO. Ligands with Carbon donors (CO, CN) are generally very strong.

Updated On: Jan 7, 2026

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Solution and Explanation

The strength of a ligand is determined by its position in the spectrochemical series.
Carbon monoxide (CO) is a strong field ligand and acts as a $\pi$-acceptor, placed at the high end of the series.
Chloride ion (Cl$^{-1}$) is a weak field ligand, placed at the lower end of the series.
Therefore, CO causes greater crystal field splitting than Cl$^{-1}$, making it a stronger ligand.

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Question: 2

The colour produced in Victor Meyer test for primary alcohol is deep blue.

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Mnemonic for Victor Meyer Test colours: RBC (Red, Blue, Colourless) corresponds to Primary ($1^\circ$), Secondary ($2^\circ$), and Tertiary ($3^\circ$) alcohols respectively.

Updated On: Jan 7, 2026

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Solution and Explanation

In the Victor Meyer test, different classes of alcohols produce distinct colours.
Primary alcohols react to produce a blood-red colouration (due to the formation of nitrolic acid).
Secondary alcohols produce a deep blue colouration (due to the formation of pseudonitrol).
Therefore, the statement that primary alcohols produce a deep blue colour is incorrect.

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Question: 3

Formic acid is obtained from red ants.

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Methanoic acid is the IUPAC name for formic acid. It is also responsible for the stinging sensation in ant bites.

Updated On: Jan 7, 2026

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Solution and Explanation

The name "formic acid" (methanoic acid) is derived from the Latin word "formica", which means ant.
It was historically first isolated by the distillation of the bodies of red ants.
Thus, the statement is factually correct.

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Question: 4

IUPAC name of Acetone is Butanone.

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"Prop-" indicates 3 carbons, while "But-" indicates 4 carbons. Acetone is the simplest ketone with 3 carbons.

Updated On: Jan 7, 2026

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Solution and Explanation

Acetone is the common name for the ketone with the formula CH$_3$COCH$_3$.
Its IUPAC name is Propanone, as it contains a three-carbon chain.
Butanone is the IUPAC name for Methyl Ethyl Ketone (CH$_3$COCH$_2$CH$_3$), which has a four-carbon chain.
Therefore, Acetone is not Butanone.

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Question: 5

Ni(CO)$_4$ is diamagnetic.

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Species with no unpaired electrons are diamagnetic and are weakly repelled by magnetic fields.

Updated On: Jan 7, 2026

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Solution and Explanation

In Nickel Tetracarbonyl [Ni(CO)$_4$], the oxidation state of Nickel is 0 (since CO is a neutral ligand).
The electronic configuration of Ni(0) is [Ar] 3d$^8$ 4s$^2$.
CO is a strong field ligand, which causes the two electrons from the 4s orbital to pair up with the electrons in the 3d orbital.
This results in a 3d$^{10}$ configuration with no unpaired electrons.
Since there are no unpaired electrons, the complex is diamagnetic.

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