Question

In which one of the following compartments of the cell, carbohydrates are added to a protein during glycoprotein synthesis?

• A. Mitochondria
• B. Lysosome
• C. Nucleus
• D. Golgi complex

Hint:

The Golgi complex is the key site for glycosylation, where carbohydrate chains are added to proteins to form glycoproteins.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Understand glycoprotein synthesis.
Glycoproteins are proteins that have carbohydrate groups covalently attached to the polypeptide chain. The process of glycosylation, which is the addition of carbohydrate moieties to proteins, occurs in specific cellular compartments.

Step 2: Identify the correct compartment.

• Mitochondria: The mitochondria are involved in energy production and ATP synthesis but not in glycoprotein synthesis.
• Lysosome: Lysosomes are involved in digestion and breakdown of cellular waste, but not in glycosylation.
• Nucleus: The nucleus is responsible for the storage and transcription of genetic material, but it does not play a primary role in glycoprotein synthesis.
• Golgi complex: The Golgi complex is the key organelle responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins, including the addition of carbohydrates to proteins, forming glycoproteins.

Step 3: Conclusion.
The carbohydrates are added to proteins during glycoprotein synthesis in the Golgi complex (option 4).