In which of the following situations, is there a risk factor for children of incurring Erythroblastosis foetalis?
- Mother is Rh $- ve$ and father is $Rh +ve$
- Mother is Rh $- ve$ and father is $Rh -ve$
- Mother is Rh $+ve$ and father is $Rh -ve$
- Mother is Rh $+ve$ and father is $Rh +ve$
The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
This is because an Rh-vc person, if exposed to Rh+ve blood, will fonn specific antibodies against the Rh antigens. This is observed in case of Rh-vc blood of a pregnant mother with Rh+ve blood of the foetus. Rh antigens of the foetus do not get exposed to the Rh-ve blood of the mother in the first pregnancy as the two bloods are well separated by placenta. However, during the delivery of the first child, there is a possibility of exposure of the maternal blood to small amounts of the Rh+ve blood from the foetus. In such cases, the mother starts preparing antibodies against Rh antigen in her blood. In case of her subsequent pregnancies, the Rh antibodies from the mother (Rh-ve) can leak into the blood of the foetus (Rh+ve) and destroy the foetal RBCs. This could be fatal to the foetus or could cause severe anaemia and jaundice to the baby. This condition is called erythroblastosis foetalis.
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Concepts Used:
Body Fluids and Circulation
Liquid substances in the animal or human body are known as body fluids. The human body consists of about 60-67% body fluids. The chief components of the human body fluids are blood and lymph. Blood comprises a matrix called plasma with blood corpuscles floating in it. The blood cells are white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets. Lymph consists of lymph cells.
Read More: Body Fluids and Circulation
Types of Body Fluids:
The different types of body fluids:
Blood
The main components of blood involve;
- Plasma
- Red Blood Cells
- White Blood Cells
- Platelets
Lymph
A colorless fluid present in the interstitial tissues is lymph. It circulates all over the lymphatic system. It can be described as blood without the RBCs. The exchange of hormones, nutrients, and gases occurs via this fluid. It contains lymphocytes that play a major function in the immune responses of the body.
The movement of blood across the vessels of the body that carries nutrients and gases along with it and removes waste from the different parts of the body is circulation.
Types of Circulatory Systems:
There are two types of circulatory systems:
- Open Circulatory system
- Closed circulatory system