X = Conc. HNO3 + Conc. H2SO4; Y = 3-Nitrobenzoic acid
X = Br2/Fe; Y = 3-Bromobenzoic acid
X = NaOH, CaO; Y = Benzene
X = CH3Cl / AlCl3; Y = 3-Methylbenzoic acid
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The Correct Option isC
Solution and Explanation
Benzoic acid cannot be converted to benzene by heating with NaOH and CaO (this reaction, decarboxylation, removes the –COOH group but doesn’t convert it directly to benzene). The rest of the reactions are feasible:
- Nitration at meta position (–COOH is meta directing)
- Bromination at meta position
- Friedel–Crafts alkylation is not feasible directly on benzoic acid due to deactivation, but methylation via specific steps may be possible.