When cereal grains are stored with too high moisture content, they become prone to microbial growth, particularly mold. Excess moisture can create an environment conducive to the growth of mold and bacteria, which can spoil the grains.
- Option (1) "Increased germination during storage" is incorrect. High moisture content can induce early germination, but it does not improve the storage of grains. Germination is not desired during storage.
- Option (3) "Improved shelf-life" is incorrect. Excess moisture can reduce the shelf-life of cereal grains by promoting mold growth and spoilage.
- Option (4) "Higher protein content" is incorrect. High moisture does not increase the protein content of cereal grains; it can, in fact, degrade the quality of the stored grain.
Therefore, the correct answer is "Mold growth and spoilage" (Option 2).