Question

Identify the correct sequence of Controlling process:
(A) Analysing deviations
(B) Measurement of actual performance
(C) Setting up standards
(D) Comparison of actual performance with standards

• A. (A), (B), (C), (D)
• B. (A), (C), (B), (D)
• C. (B), (A), (D), (C)
• D. (C), (B), (D), (A)

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

In the controlling process, the correct sequence involves several defined steps aimed at ensuring that actual performance aligns with the expected standards. Here's a detailed breakdown of the sequence:

1. Setting up standards:
   This is the first step where performance objectives and standards are established. These standards serve as a benchmark against which actual performance will be compared. It involves determining what is expected regarding time, cost, quality, etc. This step is essential as it provides the criteria for evaluating future performance.
2. Measurement of actual performance:
   In this step, the actual performance of tasks is measured using various techniques. This involves collecting data on what was performed and achieved. The measurement should be done in precise terms and for a definite period to ensure accuracy.
3. Comparison of actual performance with standards:
   Once actual performance is measured, it is compared with the set standards to identify any discrepancies. This is crucial to determine whether the performance aligns with expectations or if there are deviations.
4. Analysing deviations:
   If deviations are identified, they need to be analyzed to find out their causes. This step involves identifying the reasons behind any variances between actual performance and standards. Understanding these reasons can help organizations take corrective actions and improve future performance.

The correct sequence for the controlling process is therefore: (C) Setting up standards, (B) Measurement of actual performance, (D) Comparison of actual performance with standards, (A) Analysing deviations.

Answer 2

To determine the correct sequence of the controlling process, let's break down each step and understand its logical order:

Steps in the Controlling Process

Setting up Standards (C)

First Step: The controlling process begins with setting up standards or benchmarks against which performance will be measured. These standards define the expected level of performance and provide a clear target for employees.

Measurement of Actual Performance (B)

Second Step: After setting up standards, the next step is to measure the actual performance of employees or departments. This involves collecting data and monitoring activities to determine how well the organization is meeting its standards.

Comparison of Actual Performance with Standards (D)

Third Step: Once the actual performance is measured, it is compared with the set standards. This comparison helps identify any deviations or gaps between what was expected and what was actually achieved.

Analysing Deviations (A)

Fourth Step: If deviations are found, the final step is to analyze these deviations to determine their causes and take corrective action. This analysis helps in understanding the reasons behind the deviations and in making necessary adjustments to improve future performance.

Correct Sequence

Based on the logical order of the controlling process, the correct sequence is:

Setting up standards (C)

Measurement of actual performance (B)

Comparison of actual performance with standards (D)

Analysing deviations (A)

The correct answer is: (4) (C), (B), (D), (A)

This sequence follows the logical progression of the controlling process, starting with setting up standards, measuring actual performance, comparing it with standards, and finally analyzing any deviations.