Question

Identify the characteristics of the New Farmer’s movement that began in the 1970s in Punjab and Tamil Nadu.
(A) Movements were regionally organised.
(B) Movements were organised by communist leaders.
(C) Movements involved farmers rather than peasants.
(D) Basic ideology of the movement was strongly anti-state and anti-urban.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. (A), (B) and (D) only
• B. (A), (B) and (C) only
• C. (A), (C) and (D) only
• D. (B), (C) and (D) only

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

The New Farmer’s movement was characterized by regional organization, communist leadership, and a strong anti-state and anti-urban ideology.

Answer 2

The New Farmer's movement in the 1970s in Punjab and Tamil Nadu was primarily characterized by:

• (A) Movements were regionally organised: These movements were concentrated in specific regions, with a focus on local agricultural issues, such as pricing, subsidies, and land reforms in Punjab and Tamil Nadu.
• (B) Movements were organised by communist leaders: In both states, the movements were often led or supported by communist or left-wing leaders who represented the interests of farmers in their struggle for better conditions and fairer treatment.
• (D) Basic ideology of the movement was strongly anti-state and anti-urban: The farmers in these movements were often protesting against the perceived neglect by the state and the growing influence of urban, industrial interests on rural economies. Their demands were for more support for agriculture and rural welfare.

However:

• (C) Movements involved farmers rather than peasants: This statement is somewhat misleading. In both regions, the movements were more focused on the farmers (who were often landowners or large cultivators) rather than the peasants (who were landless laborers). The characterization of peasants may not be entirely accurate for these specific movements.

Thus, the correct answer is (A): (A), (B) and (D) only.